Brain, The center of thinking is generally known as brain. It is present in the skull. In man the weight of brain is about 1200-1400 gm. It is the most important organ in our body.It is responsible for all the activities taken place inside or outside our body like if we are eating our brain is sending message to us that you have to eat and if the food is hot than your brain send message that you have to wait all this messages are carried out by the neurons. Neurons are very quick and fast. In are body millions of neurons are present.
WORKING OF NEWRON
A neuron looks like a coconut tree. In our body newrons are present at almost all the places of our body and is connected to the brain. In newrons the dendrites catch message given by the body and the message is converted into electrical impulse.
The passing of the imformation throgh the neurons in the form of chemical and electricl signal is known as nerve impulse. This nerve impulse is leaved by the nerve ending and is again catched by the other dendrite of other newron this process is repeated till the brain catch the signal this process is very fast.
PARTS OF BRAIN
Brain contains three parts-
1.) Fore-brain
2.) Mid-brain
3.) Hind-brain
1.) Forebrain – It consists of the cerebrum and diencephalon. It is responsible for the voluntary acticities. Those activities which are under our will is known as voluntary activities
a) Cerebrum – It is the largest part of the brain. It is divided into four lobes.
i) Frontal lobe- It is for the muscular activities.
ii) Pariental lobe- It is for touch, smell, temperature and conscious assosiation.
iii) Occipital lobe- It is the region of visual perception.
iv) Temporal lobe- It is the region of auditory perception.
b) Diencephalon
i) Thalamus- Thalamus serves as a relay centre for senssory and motor impulses from the spinal cord and medulla to various parts of the cerebrum. It runs the emotions and recognizes the sensory impulses of heat, cold, pain, light, and pressure.
ii) Hypothalamus- It is present below the thalamus and it possesses the control center for thirst, hunger,
thermoregulation, behavioral patterns like sleep stress etc.
2.) Mid brain- the mid brain consists of group of nerve cells and joins the fore brain to the hind brain . It consists of two optic lobes which is the reflex centre for eye movements and hearing responses.
3.) Hind brain- It is differenciated into following parts :
a) Cerebellum- cerebellum is the second largest part os the brain. It controls equilibrium and posture of the the brain. It coordinates the voluntary movements.
b) Pons – It takes part in regulation of respiration.
c) Medulla oblongata – It is the posterior most part of the brain and is located beneath the cerebellum. It continues into the spinal cord. Medulla controls involuntary funtion of body such as heart
beat, rate of breathing , secretion of saliva , coughing swallowing of food etc.
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